Pergolas from wood: projects and design ideas

A light architectural structure, erected in its own garden or in the country, will decorate the area near the house, will give the site a complete look, decorated according to all the rules of landscape design. Each person has a garden pavilion associated with different sensations and memories. It is the gazebos made of wood that allow you to relax in the fresh air, shelter from the sun, enjoy nature and a barely noticeable breeze.

A few centuries ago, in these buildings, grandees received guests, decorating the walls with rich furniture, emphasizing their status. Now, when the rhythm of life has accelerated, the value of the structure remains quite substantial. Here you can combine tea drinking with an exciting reading, spend a romantic evening, take a nap in a soothing atmosphere with the singing of birds, hide from the rain.

Features and purpose of arbors

The main material can be used brick and metal. But most prefer only natural wood. Among the features of this raw material can distinguish its smell, which has a peculiar effect on the person himself. He nourishes with energy and joy. Also, the tree creates a feeling of ease, comfort, comfort and warmth.

Wooden arbors are distinguished by their unique, unique look. The material makes it possible to build structures that correspond to any stylistic orientation, as well as make them multifunctional. According to their purpose, all garden pavilions can be divided into several main categories:

  1. For solitude. Hidden in the garden or closed with curtains, from prying eyes. Here you can have a quiet time, organize a romantic evening.
  2. For shelter. Allow to hide from the sun and torrential rain.
  3. For review. Pavilion, which offers a gorgeous view of the mountains, rivers, ponds, forest.
  4. For the company. Spacious facilities in which you can receive and accommodate guests, drink their tea, hold a fun, noisy party.
  5. Decorative. Used to correct landscape design, allow you to hide problem areas.
  6. Multifunctional, combined. They combine a recreation area with a place for cooking. The building is equipped with a brazier or stove.


Advantages and disadvantages of wooden arbors

Before you build a gazebo on your site, each owner takes into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used in construction, giving preference to the most appropriate. It is no coincidence that the majority chooses wooden structures. This is due to their merits, namely:

  • relatively low cost of raw materials;
  • wood is environmentally friendly, has a natural pattern;
  • does not heat up under the sun;
  • allows to build any non-standard constructions in one and even several floors;
  • compatibility with any stylistic design;
  • long service life;
  • the ability to combine with other building materials;
  • wood is easy to process;
  • the assembly work under the power to do it yourself, with minimal construction skills.


Not deprived of the structure and weaknesses, which are expressed in the following:

  • when erecting a brazier, it is necessary to follow safety regulations, since wood is flammable;
  • raw materials are subject to rotting, poorly tolerate moisture, temperature changes;
  • is a good food base for various pests.

To improve performance, ensure maximum protection from natural phenomena, as well as fungus, mold, increase durability, the material should be periodically treated with special varnishes and impregnations.


Types and types of wooden arbors

There are several types of pavilion designs, which are selected depending on the preferences of the owner, the seasonality of use of the structure, the general style and size of the site. There are three main types of arbors:

  • Open Represent a frame with a roof. The building is used only in the warm season. Curtains can be installed to protect against insects, wind, rain.
  • Half open. Wooden lattices, fences, small sides are installed along the whole perimeter of the building.
  • Closed. The constructions have high-grade walls and glazed windows. In the presence of a heating system, they can be used even in the cold season.

Among the wide variety in shape and size, the following typical structures can be distinguished:

  • Rectangular, square. The most practical, standard option.
  • Polygonal. Differ in an unusual look and difficult installation.
  • Round. They are a classic semi-antique rotunda, often decorated with ampelous, climbing plants.
  • Combined. Two-story buildings may have different shape of the site.


According to the design features of the arbor share:

  • With the presence of the floor. The building has a bottom trim, with a floor covering laid on it.
  • Without sex. Mounted on a ready-made base, lined with paving slabs, paving stones, stone, covered with concrete.

Separately, you can select frameless structures, which are a construction of wooden beams, mounted on a strip, column foundation. The walls are built close to the roof from all or only from two sides. It is interesting to look volumetric semicircular, round versions of interconnected boards.


Arbor roof structures

The type of roof depends on the shape and size of the gazebo itself. For structures built with your own hands, it is better to choose simple options, in the form of a single, dual slope roof. More complex forms will require the drafting of the project, additional calculations, special skills. Among the existing varieties are the following models:

  • Flat. It is characterized by simple installation, however, precipitation accumulates from above. In winter time it can not withstand the load exerted by the snow.
  • Saw In fact, this is the same flat roof, only located at a slight angle. The bottom should be on the leeward side.
  • Dvukhskatnaya. The most popular option used for rectangular arbors. It has an attractive, neat appearance.
  • Four-pitched (hip). It consists of two trapezoid and two triangular planes.
  • Tent. All ramps are represented by the same isosceles triangles.
  • Round (dome). The most difficult option. Consists of curved elements of the same shape.
  • Mnogoskatnaya. Complicated design with several skates and planes of different structure.


Choice of wood for construction

Among the huge choice of wood for the construction of arbors not so many species are used: pine, larch, oak, fir, cedar. This is due to the fact that the building is constantly exposed to natural phenomena. In most cases, preference is given to coniferous trees treated with protective antiseptics, since they have the best value for money and are easy to process.

Oak and larch are also used in construction. However, these materials are harder, they are difficult to process, they are not found in all regions, they are characterized by a relatively high cost. For the construction of structures used timber, rounded log, board. It is better to acquire them in the specialized companies or on a power-saw bench.

When buying, you must check the regulatory documents for compliance with the standard, as well as visually inspect building materials for the presence of cracks, rotten ends, other defects.


 

Stylistic directions

Wooden buildings can be designed in any style, the diversity of which is very large. Among the huge selection we consider the most popular areas:

  • Country This style is typical only wooden buildings. It mixes sophistication and practicality. Appearance depends on the imagination of the owner. This may be a typical log house, a forester's house, a rural hut.
  • Forest. At first glance, the structure has a rough design, is decorated with various snags, is built around the old tree. The carving is welcomed. Chairs can be made of logs and stumps.
  • Classical. It is characterized by strict straight lines. Pavilions have certain proportions in the form of four-, hexagonal geometric shapes.
  • Oriental. Structures are distinguished by the presence of a fancy shaped dome roof. Characterized by location in accordance with the parties of the world. The front side is located on the north side, shed from west to east.
  • Mediterranean style. Wood for an open arbor is chosen with a soft shade. The direction corresponds to the pergolas with a canopy, under which is located a brick hearth.


Interior decoration and gazebo equipment

To build a gazebo at your summer cottage, house plot - this is just part of the work. It still needs to be beautifully designed, to perform the internal arrangement. To make the construction as comfortable as possible, you can use:

  • Landscaping.
  • Gardening with climbing, ampelous plants. This will allow not only to transform the structure, but also hide minor defects and defects made during construction.
  • Install a small artificial pond inside the pavilion.
  • Decorative items.
  • Use curtains and curtains. Textiles will decorate the structure from inside and outside, will save from annoying insects and prying eyes.
  • The choice of furniture. Chairs and a table made of the same material, especially wicker structures, will naturally look in a wooden arbor. In enclosed spaces, you can even use items with upholstery.
  • Carving and installation of additional decorative wood gratings.
  • Lighting. Properly mounted lighting will serve decorative and practical purposes. It will illuminate the space in the evening and at night, if necessary, you can select individual elements.


Necessary care

Having spent forces and means on construction of an arbor from a tree, each owner wants to use a construction as long as possible. To solve this problem, the construction must be periodically looked after. By following simple rules you can increase its service life:

  • Every 3-5 years, the wood must be treated with special protective compounds: fire retardants (protect against fire), antiseptics (from rotting, fungi), hydrophobic agents (from moisture).
  • In case of mechanical damage to the surface, cracks formed, other defects should be puttied.
  • When repainting it is required to carefully prepare the base, remove the old coating, perform processing with protective agents, cover the metal fasteners with a layer of primer.
  • It is necessary to carry out timely cleaning, especially in the fall, when leaves begin to fall off in large quantities.
  • When cold weather comes, all the decorative elements, wooden things should be hidden in the house or garage.

Step-by-step instruction

For the construction of a gazebo do-it-yourself wood is the most acceptable material. The only requirement for outdoor timber and boards is a thorough treatment with fire retardants and anti-bacterial impregnations. Acting step by step, strictly according to the instructions, you can easily build a beautiful building of a closed or open type. A detailed scheme is needed not only for beginners, but also for experienced builders. At the preparatory stage, it is necessary to study the features of the soil, the need for a foundation, to prepare materials and tools.

The drawing of the future structure

After the arbor style, the shape is defined, you can proceed to the design and drawing up a drawing. You can borrow a sample from a neighbor, peep beautiful sketches on the Internet, or create your own unique project. The calculations, reflected on paper, will help to prepare a sufficient amount of materials, save time, properly distribute their forces.


  

The drawing of the future gazebo should reflect its type (covered construction, barbecue area with fencing, modern design), indicating the size of each element. The constructions should first of all be comfortable and reliable, therefore, when drawing up a plan, some ergonomic rules should be taken into consideration:

  • The recommended size of the gazebo is 300x400 cm;
  • For a small area it is better to use a frame construction without a foundation of 3x3;
  • For six-sided buildings with chairs and a chaise lounge per person, there must be 4 square meters;
  • When calculating the cottage construction with a fireplace, a brazier it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the stove, the location of the furniture, the sink, and the storage of firewood. A rectangular shape 3x4, 3x5 will do.

Materials and tools

If you have a ready-made plan and the necessary tools, building a gazebo with your own hands will not be difficult. In order for the building to fully meet the needs and preferences, it is necessary to study the properties of all available materials and prepare the most suitable ones. For the construction of a square arbor will require the following building elements:

  • Foundation - formwork, reinforcing mesh, cement, sand, gravel;
  • Bottom trim - bars, beams, floor logs, struts, wooden racks;
  • Frame - bearing beams;
  • Top trim - angled, auxiliary truss legs, ladies;
  • Roof or canopy - roofing sheets, insulation, tiles;
  • Floor boards;
  • Decorative fencing - railings, balusters;
  • Screws, screws, metal corners, nails.


Any work on the construction of the arbor, regardless of the type of building and the chosen finish, will be carried out using various tools. It is necessary to prepare:

  • Drill drill;
  • Circular saw, angle cutter;
  • Earthen garden auger;
  • Hammer, level, roulette;
  • Metal stepladder;
  • Safety glasses and gloves.

Foundation arrangement

The first step is to prepare a cushion of sand and rubble. Concrete blocks are installed on it. Their number will depend on the size and shape of the gazebo. You can get by with brick pillars, but it will take a long time to strengthen the elements. And this is extra work.

The recommended distance between concrete blocks is 1.5 - 2 meters. For a 10x10 cm bar, a distance of 1.5 meters is chosen, for a 6x6 cm profile pipe - 2 meters. The supports must lie strictly in the same plane. Adjust them with a level and long, flat slats.


 

Crouched concrete islands are covered with waterproofing (with mastic and several layers of roofing material), then install the lower trim bars. Wood is knocked down with nails, strengthened with metal corners so that the summer arbor would not be loosened by the wind.

Rack mounting

To the bottom trim mount vertical racks. For them, there are places in the corners, on both sides of the entrance and in the center. They can also be buried directly in the ground and concreted. At the top they have the same strapping as at the bottom. Mounted timber strictly on the level using a template diagonal. At the choice of the size of racks it is necessary to consider height of an arbor. The slightest deviations negatively affect the strength of the structure and its appearance.

Fix the rack in a vertical position on the harness with strings. After construction, they can be removed so that oblique beams do not spoil the appearance of the open structure. If it is decided to leave the temporary fasteners and hide them behind the elements of the railing, they must be reinforced with metal corners.


 

Installation of top trim and floor boards

After the construction of the foundation, the lower design of the beams and vertical racks proceed to the installation of the upper trim. This is done in almost the same way as on the opposite side, under the floor. Here one cannot do with nails, it is necessary to use metal corners, especially if the lower part of the frame is not reinforced with hacks. For safety reasons, the top trim beams must be placed on vertical posts.

After assembling the wooden base proceed to the preparation of the boards and laying the floor. They are treated with antifungal fluids, fire retardants and left to dry for several days in the open air. After complete drying, they should be painted with oil paint in order to preserve the attractiveness of the surface as soon as possible after installation. In addition to the unedged board as a flooring, you can use modern, more aesthetic options - decking, floor rail.


 

Middle frame binding

Fixation in the center is not mandatory if the gazebo is on a monolithic strip foundation or is not large. For other cases, binding in the middle is a must. The transverse bars are fixed with metal corners or deepened in the rack for a few centimeters. Mounting into slots is a more labor-intensive process, but reliable.

With medium trimming with your own hands, it is important to ensure a reliable connection of the grillage at the corners. If the gazebo is large in size, the timber is not enough in length, fixation is carried out by the method "in the paw" or "in half the tree". The joints are propped up by a vertical bar. When the construction of the frame is over, you can start painting it.


Roof arrangement

The rafter system is attached to the top trim bar. The elements consist of rails connected in the form of a triangle with the help of metal corners. Lanyards are nailed to the top bar with nails and additionally fixed with hacks. If the gazebo is large, it is necessary to provide an overhang.To do this, in each element cut out the seat in the form of a triangle. To properly fit each leg, you should use the prepared template.

Before finishing fixing rafters it is necessary to ensure correct vertical, horizontal installation. Then go to tamping crates. How it is installed depends on the type of roofing material and the roof itself. The usual lattice design is suitable for slate, corrugated. For soft material, it is better to use solid flooring over rafter legs.

Decorative trim

After the arbor frame is assembled and protected from precipitation by a reliable roof, you can proceed to the decorative finish. For exterior walls use the following options:

  • Polycarbonate. Cheap, light translucent sheets are the favorite material of summer residents;
  • Crate made of rails. It will allow to create a cozy atmosphere, to hide what is happening inside the carved gazebo from prying eyes;
  • Decking. Affordable, easy to install material;
  • OSP cooker. Oriented strand sheets partially cover the building from wind and dust. More suitable for zoning.

Interior finish will depend on the material of the frame. If it is a tree, then everything inside will look just as noble. Do not spend money on too much clearance. It is enough to treat it with an antiseptic with the addition of color. If the building will be used as a recreation area with a brazier, a stove, it is possible to strengthen such areas with the help of a facing stone, which can be safely burned during cooking.


Conclusion

It is possible to build a simple arbor out of a wooden bar without the participation of professionals. Detailed instructions, workshops based on the experience of ordinary summer residents will help to avoid mistakes in the process of construction. Arrangement of the comfort zone to your liking will allow you to enjoy the weekends and holidays fully.

Watch the video: 161 Pergolas Wood Design Ideas 2017. Outdoor Relaxing Pergolas Creative #5 (March 2024).

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