Landscape gardening do-it-yourself pitch +120 photos of ideas

Arrangement of private household includes the interior decoration of the home, the area around it. The area of ​​the backyard is given in proper appearance. It is possible to organize comfortable in use, aesthetically attractive near the house space on small pieces of earth. The key role is played by the correct approach to the creation of a project of upgrading the territory. The first step is to collect information on the issue of interest, prioritization, preliminary planning.

What is landscape design?

The subtle science of landscape design deals with the problems of a successful combination of residential, office premises with planted plants in a limited area. The main task of the landscape designer is the effective use of each centimeter of land in terms of functionality, aesthetics, ergonomics. The designer is guided in his work by a wide range of tools, the appearance of the plants is important, the climatic conditions, the structure of the soil, and the features of the relief are important. In some cases, the relief area is unsuccessful, it can be modified using design techniques. The fundamental principle of science is the approach of a given territory to the natural natural species, which enables a person to feel unity with the environment, take a break from the gray, angular urban environment. Observing the basic principles of such a design, it will not be difficult for a person who does not have a special education to make his plot cozy, comfortable for all family members.

Where to begin

Before developing a document defining the further course of work on upgrading a plot - a landscape plan, it is worthwhile to clearly define the targeted use of the territory. The needs of the family can be varied, a range of highlights from which the landscape design of the backyard plot begins to be built is long outlined:

• The territory is used all year round or seasonally;
• How many people are constantly on the site, will it be used for public events;
• Is it planned to engage in gardening, planting vegetables;
• Whether the possibility of walking domestic animals, outdoor enclosures;
• It takes into account the architectural style of the house;
• Will an artificial reservoir be designed?

This is an incomplete list of preliminary questions for coordination, there may be dozens of such nuances.

Layout

The next step will be directly the development of project documentation on the basis of previously collected technical information:

• The chemical composition of the soil;
• The degree of illumination area, the direction of the winds;
• Ground water level;
• The degree of bias depends on where the bulk of the moisture will accumulate;
• Features of existing buildings, style should be the same for all architectural forms;
• The need to develop special areas: playground, parking, etc .;
• What plant species is desirable to plant.

The end result of the effort becomes a plan with a detailed scheme of structures, communications, paths, green spaces applied to it.

If there is a possibility, then it is better to start developing the project in the cold season. Many plants require early spring disembarkation, by the end of February - the beginning of March it is better to have a ready work plan.

Properly plan territory

Having decided on the presence of the main functional areas of the backyard plot, the range of planted plants should be used to evaluate the resulting project not only from the practical side, aesthetics play a leading role:

• Much does not mean good. Do not clutter up the site with a huge number of variegated flower beds, motley bushes, trees. It does not bring a feeling of comfort, the area will look neglected;
• The style of the entire plot should be one, there should not be a feeling that the garden is divided into incomprehensible separate patches;
• Fill the territory evenly. The balance rule should work - all parts of the plot are evenly planted;
• Keep to the right scale - plants should be proportionate to the facilities.

Avoid one-colored design, bright color spots in the design will add life to your site.

Fence

The fences on the garden plot can be divided into two types: internal fences, used rather for decoration; external fences - performing protective, demarcating functions. The second type is also called a fence. External fences are made of natural material, wood, brick, stone, cast concrete structures. The main requirement for external fencing is a sufficient height to prevent unauthorized entry to the site. For suburban areas there is a height restriction - no more than two meters. If the part of the fence facing the road can be made of any material, then the fence adjacent to the neighboring areas should be transparent so as not to obscure the adjacent territory. The internal fences are characterized by a small height, an attractive appearance due to the decorativeness of the material. Hedges are widely used, they are distinguished from borders by high heights, and are used to form perennial shrubs, whereas borders can be planted annually.

Zoning area

The division of the backyard plot into parts carrying a separate functional purpose is expedient from the point of view of the effective use of the area. Functional areas for most sites are the same. In front of the site is the front, entrance area, on the form of a place for recreation. For the dacha, a place for the beds is characteristic, fruit-bearing trees are a garden zone, they hide the economic zone from prying eyes. The presence of children involves the creation of a play area.

Parade area

The entrance or ceremonial zone of the site is located on a small area - about 6% of the entire territory, its functionality is small: to ensure a comfortable transport check-in, entrance to the site. But this is the first thing that your guests will see. The most important thing that should be paid attention is the arrangement of a convenient approach to the house, a convenient place to park the car. The passage to the apartment building is wide - about two meters. It is not necessary to plant trees around the parking place, it can damage the car.

Planning of the ceremonial zone is carried out taking into account the slope of the site, the system of rainwater flow is thought out. In the parking area, the approach to the house should not form puddles.

It makes no sense to decorate the area with a lawn, high permeability will turn it into unattractive patches of grass. It is better to stop on tiled, brick paving, pouring concrete. There may not be enough space for decorative elements in this zone; they are, of necessity, placed along the line of the outer fence. From the outside of the site, if there is a strip of uniform soil, it is possible to plant a hedge, to decorate the entrance to the house with the help of flowering annuals. Hide the sharp line of the fence helps planting decorative grapes, climbing rose varieties.

Recreation area and barbecue

The recreation area occupies a somewhat larger area, about 15% of the entire site. They decorate it taking into account the possibility of cooking in outdoor conditions, perhaps arranging a summer kitchen, a place for receiving guests. A stationary mobile grill, barbecue and barbecue are also installed. From refractory bricks it is possible to lay out an outdoor stove. If the area allows, they arrange all kinds of gazebos, places for relaxation and rest for guests. For a comfortable time in the recreation area, with its improvement, the following points are taken into account:

• The zone is located away from prying eyes, it is advisable to arrange it behind a residential house. This will ensure a comfortable rest.
• For the convenience of serving members of the guests, a part of the zone should be in the immediate vicinity of the apartment building.
• It is important that from the recreation area a view of the decorative plantings, ponds opened, the territory of the playground was viewed.

Garden area

Under the landscaping of the garden zone, the largest amount of acres of land is allotted, about 2/3 of the land. The garden should be lit, but for the high-growing trees with a large branchy crown, the northern part is more suitable. It is better to fence off a number of fruit trees from a recreation area, a household garden, dwarf apple trees and cherries do an excellent job with this role, they flourish add beauty to the whole garden. For convenience, the garden is divided into several separate beds using paved paths, so it is more convenient to take care of the shoots. Under the modular beds brought drip irrigation system. Outline vegetable planting can be from a hedge formed from fruit-bearing shrubs: gooseberry, currant.

Economic zone

The economic zone of a country house is located in the immediate vicinity of the garden, includes a room for storage of household equipment, workshops, utility rooms. If space permits, a major garage is erected right there. The undoubted advantage is the presence of a bath or sauna in the country. In this case, the steam room should have direct access to the house. If the country house is small, it does not have internal amenities, then an outdoor toilet and a summer shower are placed in the economic zone. Household structures should not spoil the overall aesthetics, so they are hidden on small squares with the help of climbing plants; over a large area, it is possible to use more massive internal fences.

Game Zone

The playground does not have to be impressive in size; about 10 square meters is enough for a comfortable accommodation of two or three children. meters A small sandbox, swings, simple sports and gaming equipment can fit into this area with success. Coverage area provided extremely soft in order to avoid injury during outdoor games.

Security rules require that the game zone be in the zone of visual control from all sides of the infield.

The game zone is broken in a dry, sunny place. Be sure to be equipped with shaded areas to hide from the heat.

Track decoration

The main functional purpose of the tracks is facilitating movement between the main zones. In addition, they play a unifying role in the entire landscape composition. The material for the manufacture of garden paths is diverse:

• Expensive option - natural stone, laid out on the surface previously poured with concrete. Possesses high wear resistance, aesthetic appeal;
• Paths made of synthetic stones - a more budget option. Such stones differ in a variety of shapes and colors;
• Brick paths are relatively not expensive, laying them out does not require special skills. Bricks look attractive, but quickly collapse under the influence of the environment;
• Tracks from paving slabs are very popular. They are affordable, durable. The choice of colors, forms of tiles on the market is great. It is easy to lay such a path: a layer of sand is poured onto the marked direction of the path, the surface is leveled. Then the tile is laid out in the desired manner, the grip with the ground is increased by compacting the tile with a special rubber hammer;
• The execution of garden paths is possible from any bulk material: gravel, sand, rubble. However, they are short-lived, bulk tracks eventually washed away with water.

Lighting area

Work on the installation of lighting start one of the first, before the start of the main work on the design. This is due to the need to lay trenches, ditches, digging holes throughout the site.

Standard options for arranging the lighting scheme for home gardens can be presented in the form of a table that lists the lighting points:

Light sources are fixed on the buildings themselves, specially built posts, tree trunks at a height of about 2.5 m, then the light will not blind people, will not interfere with movement on the site. The distance between the lanterns depends on the power of the lamps, optimally - about 15 m.

Separately, it is necessary to designate the role of marking lamps. They are mounted along tracks, hazardous areas, various obstacles almost at ground level. In the suburban areas it is advisable to supply such signal light points not from the network, but from batteries.

Making a backyard plot with your own hands

Creating flower beds on the site

Flower beds are broken away from trees, many flowers do not tolerate shading. It is worth avoiding places with drafts, especially if you plant thermophilic, naughty flowers. The composition will look harmonious if the plants are planted taking into account the size, height of the stem, timing and frequency of flowering. Do not neglect the methods of color painting: the colors should be combined with each other, an unnecessarily bright composition should be diluted with a white color scheme. Any flower bed perfectly complement spikelet plants, shrubs. Novice gardener does not need to get involved in complicated forms of flower beds. Landscape designers are advised to first get a hand on the classic - a flower bed with a dominant in the center - the largest plant, around which a composition of auxiliary flowers is formed.

For amateur gardeners without outside help, the easiest way is to plant a monoclumb. On the plot is drawn plot of any, the most intricate forms. It remains to sow it with annuals or perennial plants. Such beds fit perfectly into any landscape style.

An uncomplicated version of the flower bed is a mixborder - flowers and herbs planted in stripes. Such flower beds are lined with larger flower gardens, lawns, and decorative forms of the plot. For planting, you can use the vegetable mix, the main requirement is that small flowers are planted closer to the paths, large plants are in the rear edge. Try to match the flowering time of all plants in the mixborder. Mixborders can be both annual and perennial. In the latter case, every few years they will need to thin out, some plants to divide.

Lawns

Domestic gardeners prefer to sow lawn grass on their own, although there is always an opportunity to purchase lawn in rolls. Depending on the composition of the seed, the intended purpose lawns are divided into:

• Low-growing lawns from one variety of grass that can withstand intense pressure - sports;
  Decorative lawns, it is impossible to walk on them, they are planted from elite varieties of grasses, they are distinguished by a bright color - ground;
• Meadow lawns - consisting of self-propagating annuals, primroses, such lawns have a natural appearance, resemble an ordinary lawn. This also includes the Moorish lawn, it also consists of a set of meadow grasses, but requires periodic mowing - twice a year;
• Popular, unpretentious - ordinary lawn. Consists of adapted to local climatic conditions herbs resistant to trampling.

Before planting a lawn, the soil is cleared of weeds, the site is leveled. If necessary, the fertile layer of soil is removed, the drainage is poured, the soil returns to its place. For arid climate this is not necessary. A sifted mixture of peat, compost, and sand with a thickness of ten centimeters is laid out on top of the main soil. Next, the layer is compacted with a special roller, left alone for two weeks, thus revealing the remaining weeds. When the weed germinates, it is removed again, the lawn area is finally leveled, tamped again. The day before sowing, the land is watered, on the day of sowing they are loosening the rake, sowing the seeds according to the instructions.

Watering the lawn in the first year should be regularly using a spraying system. Be prepared for some heterogeneity of grass cover in the first growth season, remove sprouting weeds. In the second year, the lawn will acquire a proper appearance, it will be necessary to water it 1-2 times a month. Periodically, it will be necessary to loosen the turf with a studded roller.

Artificial ponds

Artificial reservoirs used for swimming must strictly comply with safety standards, the water in them must be constantly filtered, and the pool design will have to be periodically cleaned. Decorative ponds require the creation of such an ecosystem in which water will not grow turbid, stagnate, overgrow unwanted plants.

A good place to stay will be the area where only half the day is sunny. If the reservoir is in the sun all day, the water in it will evaporate, plants and fish will feel uncomfortable in conditions of high temperature.

Fountains

Стационарные фонтаны служат отдельным элементом ландшафтного дизайна. They can be impressive sizes, but most often in cramped conditions they stop on small granite, ceramic bowls with an intricate decor. Such architectural forms are located in the center of the garden so that it can be seen from anywhere.

At the bottom of artificial ponds, immersion fountains are installed, then jets make their way through the water column: vertically, horizontally, with bubbles, a funnel, a cascade. The spinner looks very impressive - the water jets move along a spiral trajectory. To enhance the effect of fountains complement the music, lighting effects. Fountains with great power jets are mounted away from the garden, residential buildings, so that moisture does not fall on the walls.

Waterfall

Construct a waterfall start from the bottom up, and the first layer should be smooth. They stop as a rule at a height of 1,5m., Too high the height of the construction makes it difficult for the water pump to work. It is placed on the bottom of the reservoir, the stronger the flow, the more powerful the equipment will be for supplying water, it is additionally filtered before it is taken from the reservoir. A calm flow of water ensures the use of stones with a dimple in the center when building, in which water accumulates gradually, slowly flowing down. Rough foamy flow is created when water flows between even cobblestones under high pressure. If the edges of the stones are jagged, water will flow down in separate streams. The final decoration of the waterfall is made by laying around decorative stones. In the evening, the waterfall is illuminated with spotlights.

Pond

The pit for the pond is dug in the zone of the penumbra, the trees should be as far as possible, there is a risk of irreversible damage to the roots. After the contours are outlined, proceed to digging. Deepening in the ground is done in steps, deep-water, shallow-water representatives of the flora are planted at different levels. At the bottom of the pit, a channel is dug for laying electrical networks that ensure the operation of the filter and the submersible fountain. After the installation of electrical equipment, they proceed to sealing with the help of a film cast from acrylic finished forms. The edges of the pond are decorated with stones that hide the edges of the insulating material. After filling the pond with water, start planting plants. If it is planned to launch fish, the pond is made deep - not less than 1 m., The water in winter should not freeze completely. For a successful wintering the living inhabitants of the pond need space.

Rock gardens as part of a mountain landscape

The main task of the alpine slide is to recreate the unique mountain landscape of the Alps. This is achieved by creating a landscape form consisting of rocks with the inclusion of vegetation characteristic of alpine landscapes. Slide line up with the south-west orientation in the center, on the edge of the lawn. Since the composition is complex in structure, a sketch is pre-created.

The rock garden is filled with plants growing on the slopes of the Alpine mountains. The first planted shrubs, then grass, complete the image of a plant growing near the soil cover. The hill should be pleased with its beauty and in the cold season, primroses are combined with coniferous, evergreen shrubs. In the center of the rock garden is often planted with stunted trees with climbing branches. Caring for a rock garden is simple - it is rarely necessary to moisten the soil, occasionally removing dead plant parts, weeds. Alpine slides love snowy winters, the cover does not allow the plants to freeze cold.

Landscape design and its styles

English

English, he is a natural, landscape style implies a careless naturalness in everything. Ornate trails, meadow grasses, slightly overgrown ponds - everything should look as if it does not undergo any special care. Of course, this is not true. The exception to the general concept of lawns - neat lawns with benches along the paths are typical for England. This style fits well with our climatic conditions, the sites will look harmoniously both in summer and in winter. For registration in the English style, it is almost obligatory to have secluded, shaded corners, arbors overgrown with ivy, a pond with water lilies, reeds. It must be remembered that it is possible to completely recreate such a style only over a relatively large area. On four acres, this will not succeed.

Mediterranean

Mediterranean style is characterized by wide use of marble, pebbles, stones in the decor. The nature of the appearance of style implies the presence of steps, supporting structures, stairs, and terraces. Garden plantings are interspersed with artificially created decorative elements. In a cold climate, it is difficult to implement the idea of ​​a Mediterranean garden, perhaps in conditions of winter gardens. For the Mediterranean style is characterized by an abundance of citruses, palms, olives, pistachios. Topiary has come to us from this garden - skillfully trimmed shrubs in the form of intricate figures. The furniture in such a garden is light and comfortable, the main element of the decor are copies of antique statues, amphoras, and pseudo-ancient vases. Such ceramics are often covered with ivy. Fountains will not be superfluous, but they should not be too bulky, enough compact marble bowls.

French

All under the line - the main idea of ​​the French style. Clear lines, exceptionally regular shapes, perfectly smooth tracks. The whole composition should be centered around a small pond, a fountain - necessarily the correct geometric shape. On a large area of ​​the site planted a lawn, fenced with a thick fence - bosket. An interesting element is a labyrinth of densely planted trees, which give a clear shape of the pyramid, ball, cube. The walls of a lively puzzle can have hidden niches with benches, as if you were in the gardens of Versailles. Fountains for the French style are characterized by a perfectly correct shape, but necessarily massive with a spectacular release of water jets. The tracks are filled with fine gravel, outlined with the help of neat plant borders. In the pattern of beds there are no random spots, they are either simple to ugliness, or represent an intricate, but clear pattern.

Oriental

Refined transitions, smoothness, slowness in everything, gentle combinations characterize the oriental style. Trees dwarf form, stunted shrubs interspersed with small ponds. Landscape is designed to relieve tension, leisurely thinking about the essence of being. Colors are chosen discreet, softening the situation. The key to everything is stones - they should look as if they had lain in one place for thousands of years. Their shapes are round, covered with moss. They serve as a reminder of the transience of our life in comparison with eternity. Narrow alleys, curved bridges push for long unhurried walks. Everything in the eastern garden is permeated with philosophy, especially the little things in the form of lanterns, vases. Carps in the garden pond serve as a symbol of prosperity, they can perfectly endure the harsh winter. Standard arbor replaces the house for tea ceremonies.

Russian style

Close to us is the Russian style. The design of the site is rustic, with a fabulous touch. Plantings are based on practicality - all sorts of fruit trees, flower beds, consisting of medicinal herbs. For estates built in the Russian style is characterized by the presence of a bath, a real, at worst, decorative well. Wooden gazebos, wicker hedges, decorated with antique clay pots, paths from wooden circles are indispensable attributes of stylistics. Children will be pleased with carved fairy-tale characters, placed randomly throughout the site. Strengthen the atmosphere will help the collection of antique household items. The outer boundaries of the site are often surrounded by white birch trees. To realize the idea of ​​decorating a plot in the Russian style you don’t need much - remember the grandmother’s house in the village, bring warm childhood memories to life, having a little modernized them.

Conclusion

The desire for harmony is inherent in each of us. Becoming the owner of even a small piece of land, we strive to make it a place of rest, care of daily fuss, dear to your heart. It has long been past the time when several hundred parts of the country house served as the main source of food, this place became a source of restoration of spiritual strength. It is enough to see the perfect picture in your head, not be afraid to realize your dream. Take it easy, embody crazy ideas, do not stop halfway. Perhaps your creativity will attract something new to the science of landscape design, it will be a new trend in art to make the world around beautiful.